DETERMINANTS OF ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Anemia is characterized by a low concentration of hemoglobin in the blood. Anemia is a worldwide public health problem that affects people of all ages and has significant implications for human health, as well as social and economic development. Anemia is a common health problem among pregnant women in poor countries, with a higher prevalence than in developed countries. The impact of anemia on pregnant women causes babies to be born with low birth weight, as well as maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Identifying the factors associated with anemia is very important in controlling and preventing anemia and its adverse effects. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for anemia in pregnant women. This research is a literature study that uses Google Scholar, ResearchGate, NCBI, PubMed, and Web of Science as search engines. From this literature study, the results of the analysis of risk factors for anemia in pregnant women are age, education level, place of residence, type of profession, parity, gestational age, antenatal care visits, intake of iron tablet supplementation and body mass index (BMI). Based on the study conducted, there is a strong relationship between age, education level, place of residence, type of profession, parity, gestational age, antenatal care visits, intake of iron tablet supplementation and body mass index (BMI).