EXPLORING HEALTH AND LIFESTYLE DETERMINANTS AMONG UNIVERSITY EMPLOYEES IN THE CONTEXT OF LIFESTYLE DISEASES

Abstract

Advancements in technology and vaccines have significantly reduced the morbidities and mortalities associated with infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis. However, deaths and disabilities due to non-communicable diseases are on the rise globally. Lifestyle behaviors (LB) play a crucial role in health, wellness, and quality of life. This study assessed the health and wellness lifestyle practices of staff at a tertiary educational institution amidst the prevalence of lifestyle-related diseases. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire on health and wellness, completed by 472 respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, specifically Chi-square tests, at an alpha level of 0.05. The respondents, aged between 23 and 64 years, comprised 45.8% males and 54.2% females. The general knowledge on participation in moderate physical activity (GKMPA) was found to be good (60%). High percentages of respondents reported effective stress avoidance strategies (77.7%), avoidance of unsafe sexual practices (76.3%), and adherence to speed limits and seat belt usage while driving (58.8%). However, knowledge on the use of fire safety devices was poor (28.8%). Significant associations were found between age (X2=12.090, p=0.034) and staff status (X2=11.639, p=0.001) with GKMPA. Additionally, gender, age, and religion were significantly associated with fatty diet restriction, avoidance of destructive habits, and possession of fire extinguishers (p<0.05). Safe sexual orientation was significantly associated with age (X2=20.590, p=0.014) and educational status (X2=10.936, p=0.027). The findings indicate that most workers in the tertiary institution exhibit positive lifestyle behaviors towards physical activity as an aspect of wellness